Liver - Development

In the fetus, the liver develops from the hepatic diverticulum, and draw blood from the arteries that carry blood from the vitelline yolk sac. Top diverticulum causes hepatocytes and bile ducts, the lower the gallbladder with cystic duct. During fetal development, the main source of blood to the liver is the umbilical vein that transport nutrients to the fetus. The umbilical vein enters the abdomen at the navel and moves next to the free end of the falciform muscle on the bottom exterior of the liver, where it joins the left branch of portal vein. Ductal Aranza brings blood from the left branch of portal vein branches of the left hepatic vein...

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Liver Diseases

Liver DiseasesNmerous liver diseases are accompany by jaundice caused by augmented levels of bilirubin in the body. Bilirubin is the result of degradation of hemoglobin of dead red blood cells are normally removed by the liver and excreted in bile. • "With hepatitis, inflammation of the liver, is caused by different viruses, but also some toxic substances, autoimmune diseases and inherited conditions; •Liver cirrhosis is the formation of fibrous tissue in the liver to kill hepatocytes, respectively. Liver cell death caused by viral hepatitis, alcohol poisoning or other toxic substances; • With Hemochromatosis is an inherited disorder that causes...

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Liver - Physiology

Liver PhysiologyLiver functions were performed liver cells to hepatocytes. • The liver produces and secretes bile, used to emulsify fats. Part of the bile is poured directly into the duodenum, the part stored in the gallbladder.• liver performs many functions in carbohydrate metabolism: • gluconeogenesis or synthesis of glucose from certain amino acids, lactic acid or glycerine; • glycogenolysis and the formation of glucose from glycogen (also occurs in the muscles);• glycogen, or glycogen from glucose; • destruction of insulin and other hormones; • protein metabolism.• Liver is also involved in lipid metabolism: • There is a synthesis of cholesterol;...

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Liver Cells

Liver CellsThe four major cell types that are found in the liver are hepatocytes, stellate cells, sinusoidal endothelial cells and Kupffer cells.Hepatocytes are the most numerous cells of the liver, represent 80% of the volume and about 60% by number. Their shape is multifaceted, with a number of areas ranging from six to twelve, their diameter ranges from 20 to 30 microns. They are often multinucleated and tetraploid, with the number of cores that can be up to four, a large nucleolus, rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum well developed, numerous cisternae of Golgi, ribosomes, lysosomes, mitochondria, peroxisomes, which are both one of the...

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Liver - Microscopic Anatomy

General structureThe liver is covered (except for bare triangular area on the upper surface) from the visceral peritoneum, consisting of the mesothelium, a single layer of surface cells and underlying tissue extraperitoneal. It is also completely surrounded by loose connective tissue component of the capsule of Glisson, who is also the neurovascular bundle at the hilum. Out from it and trabecular connective tissue septa that penetrate the liver parenchyma, dividing it in the portal tracts. Within each area there is a branch of the portal vein, a hepatic artery, a bile duct (portal triad) and often also small lymphatic vessels and nerve branches.The...

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Liver Gross anatomy

The liver is an organ attached to the digestive system from the wedge shape, shaped by its relationship with adjacent organs and muscles. It is covered by a connective capsule, known as Glisson's capsule, which protects it but does not contribute significantly to its shape. It weighs about 2 kg , equivalent to 2.5% of body weight of an adult man of medium build, in the infant liver weights for the largest development in relation to the rest of the body can get to be 5% of total. The liver tends to reach its largest size at 18 years of age, after which its weight decreases gradually with increasing age. The liver surface is smooth and soft, reddish-brown,...

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Liver

The liver is a gland extramural anficrina (endocrine and exocrine secretion) located below the diaphragm and located between it and the transverse colon and stomach. It is the largest organ in the human body after the skin. Plays a key role in metabolism and has a number of processes including the storage of glycogen , the synthesis of proteins in the plasma , removing toxic substances from the blood. It produces bile , which is important in the processes of digestion and is up to the 6th month of intrauterine life the most important organ emopoetico. In the case of splenectomy, liver function can be summarized emopoetica compensating for the...

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Psychiatric Nursing

PsychiatryPsychiatry is the branch of specialist medicine that deals with the prevention , the care and rehabilitation of disorders mental , from the standpoint of theory and practice. It is defined as a "discipline of synthesis," as the preservation and the pursuit of mental health , which is the fundamental goal of psychiatry, is obtained by taking into account different areas: medical - pharmacological , psychological , sociological , political , legal.Henry Ey ( 1900th - one thousand nine hundred seventy-seven ), a psychiatrist French , writes on the eve of his death that "the concept of mental illness must move in the orbit of biology and...

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Nursing in Mental Health

The concept of mental health refers to a condition of normality and / or emotional stability, emotional, neurobiological, mood, cognitive and behavioral, but it hardly lends itself to a single definition, shared: 's World Health Organization (WHO), there is no "official" definition of the concept of mental health.Each definition depends on cultural differences, and subjective evaluations by different theories. Most experts agree however that "mental health" on one side and "absence of mental illness," "normal," "social adjustment", "happiness" on the other are not synonyms or concepts directly related: in other words, the absence of mental illness...

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Palliative Care in Nursing

Palliative CareAccording to the World Health Organization definition of palliative care ("palliative care") are working in an active and full of patients suffering from a disease that does not respond to specific treatments and whose direct consequence is death. The control of pain and other symptoms of the psychological, social and spiritual needs is of paramount importance. The goal of palliative care is to achieve the best possible quality of life for patients and their families. Some palliative interventions are also applicable as early in the disease, in addition to cancer treatment.The term is derived from "ball", or cover, concealment...

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In Oncology Nursing

OncologyOncology (from greek óncos, mass and logos, study) is the branch of medicine that concerns the study and treatment of cancer .NomenclatureNeoplasia, Tumor, CancerNeoplasia (from the greek new, new, and Plas, training) is the abnormal and uncontrolled proliferation of cells in a tissue or an organ of the body. Most of the malignancies proliferate to form masses (more or less) distinct from the area in which they arise. In this sense, the term cancer is used synonymously with cancer (from the Latin Tume, swollen).Malignant tumors show a high degree of anaplasia, and have the ability to invade adjacent structures and the ability to spread...

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Dialysis in Nursing

[Dialysis (physics)]Dialysis is a chemical-physical which separates one or more substances dissolved in a liquid , using a semi-permeable membrane that allows the passage of these substances in one direction.The movement of such substances is diffuse , or is due mainly to the difference in concentration of solutes in the solvents in the two compartments and ceases once you reach equilibrium. Between solvents and solutes is important the contribution of the osmotic pressure (see Osmosis ). Another factor that can influence the movement of substances is given by the gradient of pressure between the two sectors, provided it is acceptable (or even...

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Pediatric Nursing Area History The twentieth century

Robert Koch (1843-1910) May 24, 1882 announced the discovery of the tubercle bacillus finally putting out the reality of the microbial and contagious tuberculosis, a true scourge of humanity. In 1907 Clemens von Pirquet , father of immunology, he developed his method of tuberculin, which was completed a year later by Moro and Mantoux. Most important is the contribution to treatment of tuberculosis of the Italian Carlo Forlanini , who in 1882 proposed and implemented the first pneumothorax for the treatment of pulmonary forms.Theodor Escherich (1857-1911) conducted numerous clinical and biological research, particularly on the gut flora of infants,...

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Pediatric Nursing area History The Nineteenth Century

In the nineteenth century medicine knows the specialized pediatric and became one of the most important, precisely because of the new approach to medical disciplines based on observations and theoretical formulations: chemical, biological, pathological. The child, both in physiological and pathological in that it is a biological entity in itself, requiring a more rational definition of hygiene, its food needs, preventive methods of its prevention of diseases.One of the first steps taken by childcare concerns the power of the last century, this progress has been made possible by more accurate and thorough knowledge of food chemistry. The American...

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Pediatric Nursing area History From the Sixteenth to the Seventeenth Century

The experiences in pediatrics Renaissance , like the other branches of medicine , a push for innovation, especially on the Italian doctors including Mercurial (1530-1606). He was appointed reader at the Department of Medicine ' University of Padova , teaches theoretical medicine at Bologna , before moving to ' University of Pisa and his name is among the teachers of the Wisdom of Rome .Among his major works concerning the De morbis puerorum are pediatrics (1583) and the ratio Nomothelasmus seu lactandi infantes (1522). De morbis puerorum considered a real treat, divided into three books, the first of which deals with diseases of the external...

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Pediatric Nursing area History From the origins to the fourteenth century

In the distant past we find little information on health care dedicated to children, while many more have found the documents that deal with food, farming and education from infant to the infant, often framed in the context of recipes, recommendations or essays and treatises on obstetrics . In the Roman world, children are given special attention by the legislators .The first law concerning the childhood of which we know can be attributed to the founder of Rome , Romulus , which allows fathers the power to kill the children born with deformities and second son. This despicable practice, combined with exposure was finally abolished by Constantine...

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Pediatric Nursing Area

PediatricsPediatrics is a branch of medicine that deals with the physical and mental development of children and the diagnosis and treatment of childhood diseases .The neonatology is part of Pediatrics that deals with infants within the first month of life. Cooperation between pediatrics and obstetrics can prevent malformations of the fetus and to cure disease from birth.In modern times, illnesses of children begin to be considered separately in the second half of the sixteenth century, as evidenced by the De morbis puerorum of Jerome Mercuriali . And they began to open centers devoted to the study of childhood diseases.In the nineteenth century...

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Geriatric Nursing in area

GeriatricsGeriatrics is a discipline doctor who studies diseases that occur in ' old and their disabling consequences, with the basic objective of delaying functional decline and mental health, while maintaining the ' self-sufficiency and better quality of life possible.The gerontology, geriatrics is a branch of trying to identify the mechanisms organic 's aging and senescence , in addition to matters social and psychological , occurring in old age, and who are able to directly influence the state of health and the onset typical disease of the elderly. The geriatrician is that doctors working having in mind the concepts provided by the Gerontology;...

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Nursing in critical

Resuscitation is the branch of medicine that deals with the patient in critical condition and the care and restoration of vital functions compromised by the onset of a disease or an acute traumatic event. With intensive care indicates the highest available level of continuous treatment of the patient. In addition, nursing care, observation and continuous monitoring of the patient, this usually means an active treatment, ie the intensive care unit. In intensive care patients are hospitalized with very serious diseases. Sometimes, after surgery and for particularly complex subjects in critical health, we resort to hospitalization in intensive care...

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Nursing war

The War Nursing is one of the oldest health care professions. The emergency nursing work in the theater of war was intended to treat, predominantly, the military could still be of operational interest, by selecting the triage war. Ergo the military had been damaged or minor illnesses were (and still are) those who are operationally retrievable. Memories of the famous physician of Napoleon .During the Middle Ages it was customary to use a stylus , called Mercy , just to give the blow of mercy towards the fighter still dying and now no longer recoverab...

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Legal and Forensic Nursing

The nursing legal and forensics is a discipline in development that aims to establish the facts rise to criminal proceedings arising from nursing procedures implemented with imprudence, incompetence or failure to comply with laws and regulations. These investigations are aimed primarily at determining the causal link in the action necessary to relate the behavior of the suspect with the event.The nurse's legal and forensic fields electives are also:• the legal, theatrical industry in collaboration with the Medical Examiner ;• the clinical risk management, for specific skills for drafting projects and consultancy in the design of nursing...

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Nursing Specialty / Pediatric

Specialty NursingThe Dm 739/94 identifies five main areas of additional training nursing: public health, pediatrics, mental health / psychiatry, geriatrics, critical area.Other specialties are also active, including:• Legal and forensic nursing• Nursing war• Nursing in critical• Geriatric Nursing in area• Pediatric nursing area• Nursing in nephrology and dialysis in Nursing• In oncology nursing and palliative care in nursing• Nursing in the operating room• Nursing in mental health and psychiatric nursing• Public Health Nursing• Nurse case manager• Nursing Management for the functions...

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Nurse Professional activities

The nurses carry out their duties in hospitals , public or private health care, in ASL , in private practices, in each and the health services of home care , under the dependency or profession , contributing directly to retraining, to research and prevention.The areas of operation in contact with the patient / client care processes follow a complex nature.At diagnosis , the nurse is an active part in the collection of anamnesis, in establishing health conditions and carrying out blood tests or instrumental.During the treatment, the presence of the nurse is directed to take charge of the assisted through the design of the care plan and proper...

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Nurse Curriculum

Past"Caring" was a task accomplished almost exclusively by the woman who since prehistoric times through the use of herbal medicines was trying to help the body to overcome the problems of health, nutrition, growth, psycho- physical.In all cultures the world women have always been a figure close to the sufferer. in later centuries, the power of acquiring the woman-doctor meant that they were unjustly accused of witchcraft and the secrets passed to medical care - strictly men. The woman continued, but without the care decision making. was the charity that was exercised by the ladies, noble ladies, sisters, etc..In the nineteenth century was made...

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